Exploring the Cosmos - Degree Exam 2011 - Particles, Forces & the Big Bang
1. Which assumption leading to Olber's paradox is known to be incorrect?
The universe is eternal.
The universe is uniformly filled with stars.
The universe is infinite in size.
The amount of light reaching us from a star decreases as the inverse square of the distance to the star.
2. Hubble’s Law states that
nothing can travel faster than the speed of light.
the speed at which a galaxy recedes from us is inversely proportional to the distance from us.
the observable universe is finite in size.
the speed at which a galaxy recedes from us is proportional to the distance from us.
3. Which of the following is not true of the Copernican system?
The distance between the sun and the Earth is small compared to the distance to the stars.
Mercury and Venus orbit the sun, which in turn orbits the Earth.
Retrograde motion is explained by Earth’s motion around the sun.
The sun is at the centre of the universe.
4. Which of the following is not true according to the theory of special relativity?
Moving clocks run faster than stationary clocks.
Motion with constant velocity is always relative.
No signal can travel faster than the speed of light.
Objects are contracted in their direction of motion.
5. A proton is comprised of
Two up quarks and a down quark.
An electron, a muon, and a neutrino.
Two down quarks and an up quark.
Two down quarks and an electron.
6. Which type of particle mediates the interaction that is responsible for holding quarks together in hadrons?
Graviton
Neutrino
Photon
Gluon
7. How old was the universe when primordial nucleosynthesis ended?
300 000 years
three minutes
10^-43 seconds
10^-10 seconds
8. Today the cosmic microwave background has a temperature of about
3 K
0.003 K
300 K
3000 K
9. Dark matter (excluding dark energy) is close to what percent of the total mass of the universe?
75 %
100 %
5 %
20 %
10. A possible scenario that can explain the smoothness and flatness problems in the universe is called
CP violation
retrograde motion
special relativity
inflation
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